Hi Rahul,
With calculated columns, you can add new data to a table already in your model. But instead of querying and loading values into your new column from a data source, you create a Data Analysis Expressions (DAX) formula that defines the column's values.
Measures are created and used in Report View or Data View. Measures you create yourself appear in the Fields list with a calculator icon. You can name measures whatever you want, and add them to a new or existing visualization just like any other field.
Understanding the difference between measures and calculated columns is crucial in Power BI, especially when designing interactive and dynamic visuals. Unlike calculated columns, which are precomputed at the row level, measures are evaluated dynamically based on user interactions.
Hope it helps
Also Refer:
What strategies do you use to avoid redundant transformations in Power Query that slow down data refresh?