Kubernetes is an open-source tool for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
It inhibits a complex environment with huge amount of information regarding the state of cluster and events processed during execution of pods lifecycle and health checking off all nodes and whole Kubernetes cluster.
I do not have practice with Docker for Windows, so my point of view is based on Kubernetes with Linux containers perspective.
To collect and analyze all of this information there are some tools like Fluentd, Logstash and they are accompanied by tools such as Elasticsearch and Kibana. Those cluster-level log aggregation can be realized using Kubernetes orchestration framework. So we can expect that some running containers take care of gathering data and other containers take care of other aspects of abstractions like analyzing and presentation layer.