How exchanges Binance Coinbase record user trade into blockchain

Question

My question is how cryptocurrency exchanges like Binance or Coinbase record users trade into blockchain technically. For example when Mr.X buys a BTC/USDT pair from Mr.Y, how does the exchange record these two Transactions into the blockchain. as far as I know, We have two transactions now, Mr.X has to sign a USDT transaction to Mr. Y's account & Mr.Y has to sign a transaction for Mr. X's BTC wallet on that exchange. I was wondering how exchanges manage network fees? & how they record these trades into blockchain I also know Mr.X order will probably be fulfilled with different accounts but I just want to simplify my question thank you.

Answer 1

Merkle tree will allow us to multiplex a number of transactions in a single block of the ledger. Every leaf node of the tree is representative of a single transaction. Whereas all other nodes are hashes of their children.

The benefit of this is that the transaction block will need to store only the root of a Merkle Tree. The purpose that SPV states is that any client who is transacting on the chain can just store the path of hashes from the root to their transaction instead of storing the whole ledger, which can be very large in size.

If there is no trust on the block once your transaction is processed, you can verify that it has been added to the ledger by tracing the path from the root provided in the block to the leaf node that is your transaction. So you verify to ensure if your transaction was actually processed or not. This cannot be faked as once a block is accepted onto the main chain, which is usually the addition of about 5 or 6 more blocks in bitcoin, your transaction is irreversible. The very concept of blockchain is that the ledger is immutable. This means that the root of merkle trees are also permanently stored in the ledger and cannot be modified. Now to keep track of your transaction, you can just store the headers and the path from root to your transactions.